Jew-hatred gains power through circulation: sermons make it doctrine, laws make it enforceable, and books and broadcasts carry it to new audiences. This chronology follows those changes in medium and authority, alongside earlier monuments that celebrated the defeat and subordination of ישראל YISRAʾEL and יהודה YEHUDA. Imperial victory propaganda, religious antijudaism, racial conspiracy and antizionism require distinct evidence; their proximity here does not establish a single line of transmission.
The sequence dates the public act or surviving artifact, not automatically the event it describes. Approximate dates and overlapping ranges remain approximate; detailed dating belongs in the linked articles.
Before AM 4000
Military victory becomes a claim about divine authority. Mesha credits Chemosh with defeating ישראל YISRAʾEL and receiving spoils taken from the worship of השם HAʾSHEM. This supplies an early comparative pattern for later triumphalism: another people's defeat becomes proof of the victor's sacred claim. The later supersessionist turn changes the argument from victory over a rival god's people to claiming their own G-d against them.1
c. 1208–1207 BCEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Ancient Egyptian ruler Merneptah's victory stele declared ישראל YISRAʾEL devastated; the boast is not proof of eradication.
c. 1208–1207 BCE: Ancient Egyptian ruler Merneptah's victory stele declared ישראל YISRAʾEL devastated; the boast is not proof of eradication.2
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c. 840 BCEPrecision: source-label · Basis: not-assessed
Moabite ruler Mesha's stele made the killing of inhabitants of towns in ישראל YISRAʾEL a victory for his god.
c. 840 BCE: Moabite ruler Mesha's stele made the killing of inhabitants of towns in ישראל YISRAʾEL a victory for his god.3
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Ninth century BCEPrecision: source-label · Basis: not-assessed
An Aramean ruler's Tel Dan Stele celebrated victories over kings of ישראל YISRAʾEL and the House of דוד DAVID.
Ninth century BCE: An Aramean ruler's Tel Dan Stele celebrated victories over kings of ישראל YISRAʾEL and the House of דוד DAVID.4
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825 BCEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Assyrian ruler Shalmaneser III's Black Obelisk displayed the submission of ישראל YISRAʾEL through an image of tribute.
825 BCE: Assyrian ruler Shalmaneser III's Black Obelisk displayed the submission of ישראל YISRAʾEL through an image of tribute.5
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701 BCE, reported speechPrecision: source-label · Basis: not-assessed
The biblical account preserves an Assyrian envoy's threats against ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM and mockery of trust in השם HAʾSHEM.
701 BCE, reported speech: The biblical account preserves an Assyrian envoy's threats against ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM and mockery of trust in השם HAʾSHEM.6
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c. 700–692 BCEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Assyrian ruler סנחריב SANCHERIV's Lachish reliefs made conquest, captivity and execution in יהודה YEHUDA a palace spectacle.
c. 700–692 BCE: Assyrian ruler סנחריב SANCHERIV's Lachish reliefs made conquest, captivity and execution in יהודה YEHUDA a palace spectacle.7
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691 BCEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Assyrian ruler סנחריב SANCHERIV's annals boasted of confining חזקיהו ḤEZKIYAHU in ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM, without claiming to have captured the city.
691 BCE: Assyrian ruler סנחריב SANCHERIV's annals boasted of confining חזקיהו ḤEZKIYAHU in ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM, without claiming to have captured the city.8
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Third century BCEPrecision: source-label · Basis: not-assessed
Hostile origin stories attributed to Egyptian priest Manetho portrayed ancestors of יהודים YEHUDIM as diseased and sacrilegious; later transmission complicates attribution.
Third century BCE: Hostile origin stories attributed to Egyptian priest Manetho portrayed ancestors of יהודים YEHUDIM as diseased and sacrilegious; later transmission complicates attribution.9
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c. 38–40 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Alexandrian writer Apion publicly accused יהודים YEHUDIM before Roman ruler Gaius Caligula.
c. 38–40 CE: Alexandrian writer Apion publicly accused יהודים YEHUDIM before Roman ruler Gaius Caligula.10
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From 71 CEPrecision: source-label · Basis: not-assessed
Roman ruler Vespasian issued Judaea Capta
coins celebrating the defeat of יהודה YEHUDA.
From 71 CE: Roman ruler Vespasian issued Judaea Capta
coins celebrating the defeat of יהודה YEHUDA.11
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80–81 CE: Roman ruler Titus's Circus Maximus arch proclaimed that he subdued יהודים YEHUDIM and destroyed ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM.12
81–82 CE: Roman ruler Domitian's Arch of Titus displayed the spoils of בית המקדש BEIT HAʾMIKDAŜ as an imperial triumph.13
c. 160–170 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Christian bishop Melito accused יהודים YEHUDIM of murdering Christianity's founder ישוע YEŜUA (Jesus).
c. 160–170 CE: Christian bishop Melito accused יהודים YEHUDIM of murdering Christianity's founder ישוע YEŜUA (Jesus).14
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c. 178–180 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Greek philosopher Celsus's The True Doctrine attacked Christianity while circulating hostile representations of יהודים YEHUDIM.
c. 178–180 CE: Greek philosopher Celsus's The True Doctrine attacked Christianity while circulating hostile representations of יהודים YEHUDIM.15
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c. 197–203 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Christian theologian Tertullian's Against the Jews argued that Christianity displaced the covenantal authority of יהדות YAHADUT.
c. 197–203 CE: Christian theologian Tertullian's Against the Jews argued that Christianity displaced the covenantal authority of יהדות YAHADUT.16
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AM 4000–4199
Christian supersessionism claims the G-d of עם ישראל AM YISRAʾEL while declaring the church His rightful heir. The target of replacement is not the deity but the continuing covenantal authority of יהודים YEHUDIM. Under Christian emperors, that claim gains legal force: the people whose scriptures Christianity appropriates are denied equal standing within its empire.17
248–249 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Christian bishop Cyprian's Testimonia organized scriptural extracts into reusable arguments that the church inherited the promises to עם ישראל AM YISRAʾEL.
248–249 CE: Christian bishop Cyprian's Testimonia organized scriptural extracts into reusable arguments that the church inherited the promises to עם ישראל AM YISRAʾEL.18
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AM 4085Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
The First Council of Nicaea separated Christian Easter from the reckoning of פסח PESAḤ, while Roman ruler Constantine I denounced practice by יהודים YEHUDIM.
AM 4085: The First Council of Nicaea separated Christian Easter from the reckoning of פסח PESAḤ, while Roman ruler Constantine I denounced practice by יהודים YEHUDIM.19
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אלול ד׳קמ״ו Elul, AM 4146Precision: month · Basis: not-assessed
John Chrysostom delivered the first of his Jew-hating discourses.
אלול ד׳קמ״ו Elul, AM 4146: John Chrysostom delivered the first of his Jew-hating discourses.20
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כ״ה בשבט ד׳קמ״ז 25th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 4147Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
John Chrysostom delivered the discourse traditionally numbered three.
כ״ה בשבט ד׳קמ״ז 25th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 4147: John Chrysostom delivered the discourse traditionally numbered three.21
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כ״ח באלול ד׳קמ״ז 28th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 4147Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
John Chrysostom delivered his fourth Jew-hating discourse.
כ״ח באלול ד׳קמ״ז 28th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 4147: John Chrysostom delivered his fourth Jew-hating discourse.22
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ו׳ בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 6th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
John Chrysostom delivered his second Jew-hating discourse.
ו׳ בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 6th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148: John Chrysostom delivered his second Jew-hating discourse.23
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י׳ בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 10th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
John Chrysostom delivered his fifth Jew-hating discourse.
י׳ בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 10th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148: John Chrysostom delivered his fifth Jew-hating discourse.24
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י״א בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 11th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
John Chrysostom delivered his sixth Jew-hating discourse.
י״א בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 11th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148: John Chrysostom delivered his sixth Jew-hating discourse.25
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י״ג בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 13th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
John Chrysostom delivered his seventh Jew-hating discourse.
י״ג בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 13th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148: John Chrysostom delivered his seventh Jew-hating discourse.26
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כ׳ בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 20th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
John Chrysostom delivered his eighth Jew-hating discourse.
כ׳ בתשרי ד׳קמ״ח 20th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 4148: John Chrysostom delivered his eighth Jew-hating discourse.27
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כ׳ בשבט ד׳קצ״ח 20th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 4198Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Roman ruler Theodosius II excluded יהודים YEHUDIM and Samaritans from state offices.
כ׳ בשבט ד׳קצ״ח 20th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 4198: Roman ruler Theodosius II excluded יהודים YEHUDIM and Samaritans from state offices.28
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ה׳ באדר ד׳קצ״ח 5th 𝑜𝑓 Adar, AM 4198Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Roman ruler Theodosius II promulgated a code collecting laws that subordinated יהודים YEHUDIM within a Christian imperial order.
ה׳ באדר ד׳קצ״ח 5th 𝑜𝑓 Adar, AM 4198: Roman ruler Theodosius II promulgated a code collecting laws that subordinated יהודים YEHUDIM within a Christian imperial order.29
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AM 4200–4399
Christian authorities reach inside communal life: Justinian intervenes in the interpretation of תורה TORA, while Toledo denies forced converts a return to יהדות YAHADUT. Jew-hatred here does more than condemn belief. It asserts the ruler's or church's right to decide which teachings and religious choices remain available to יהודים YEHUDIM.
י״ב בניסן ד׳רפ״ט 12th 𝑜𝑓 Nisan, AM 4289Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Byzantine ruler Justinian issued his first law code, consolidating imperial religious hierarchy.
י״ב בניסן ד׳רפ״ט 12th 𝑜𝑓 Nisan, AM 4289: Byzantine ruler Justinian issued his first law code, consolidating imperial religious hierarchy.30
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ח׳ באדר א׳ ד׳שי״ג 8th 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 4313Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Byzantine ruler Justinian issued Novella 146, intervening in the public reading and interpretation of תורה TORA.
ח׳ באדר א׳ ד׳שי״ג 8th 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 4313: Byzantine ruler Justinian issued Novella 146, intervening in the public reading and interpretation of תורה TORA.31
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612 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Visigothic ruler Sisebut restricted ownership of Christian enslaved people by יהודים YEHUDIM.
612 CE: Visigothic ruler Sisebut restricted ownership of Christian enslaved people by יהודים YEHUDIM.32
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כ״ח בכסלו ד׳שצ״ד 28th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 4394Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
The Fourth Council of Toledo opened; its canons made earlier forced baptisms binding and denied converts a return to יהדות YAHADUT.
כ״ח בכסלו ד׳שצ״ד 28th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 4394: The Fourth Council of Toledo opened; its canons made earlier forced baptisms binding and denied converts a return to יהדות YAHADUT.33
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AM 4400–4599
Conversion does not reliably end suspicion, and protection itself becomes a target. Councils police converts and families; Agobard attacks the protections granted by the emperor. The dispute exposes a choice within Christian rule: whether to protect communities of יהודים YEHUDIM or let clerical demands for subordination override that protection.
ט״ו בחשוון ד׳תנ״ה 15th 𝑜𝑓 Ḥeŝvan, AM 4455Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
The Seventeenth Council of Toledo opened; its canons used a conspiracy accusation to order dispossession, enslavement and Christian control of children of יהודים YEHUDIM.
ט״ו בחשוון ד׳תנ״ה 15th 𝑜𝑓 Ḥeŝvan, AM 4455: The Seventeenth Council of Toledo opened; its canons used a conspiracy accusation to order dispossession, enslavement and Christian control of children of יהודים YEHUDIM.34
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AM 4548Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Second Council of Nicaea regulated nominally converted יהודים YEHUDIM in Canon VIII.
AM 4548: Second Council of Nicaea regulated nominally converted יהודים YEHUDIM in Canon VIII.35
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826–827 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Archbishop Agobard of Lyon used On the Insolence of the Jews to attack protections enjoyed by יהודים YEHUDIM.
826–827 CE: Archbishop Agobard of Lyon used On the Insolence of the Jews to attack protections enjoyed by יהודים YEHUDIM.36
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AM 4600–4799
Amulo shows how Jew-hatred survives its author. By reusing Agobard's arguments and addressing a new ruler, he turns an earlier clerical campaign into a renewed demand for restrictions. Preservation is also political reuse.
846 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Archbishop Amulo of Lyon's Liber contra Iudaeos renewed Agobard's campaign for Christian restrictions upon יהודים YEHUDIM.
846 CE: Archbishop Amulo of Lyon's Liber contra Iudaeos renewed Agobard's campaign for Christian restrictions upon יהודים YEHUDIM.37
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AM 4800–4999
Christian and Muslim polemicists contest the authority of יהודים YEHUDIM over their own scriptures. The Islamic claim, too, invokes the same G-d, not a victorious rival deity; Samawʾal turns that shared inheritance into an argument against יהדות YAHADUT. Alongside these claims, blood libel and demands for political subordination make continued communal life a target.38
Conventionally before or in 1066 CE: A poem attributed to Abu Ishaq al-Ilbiri urged the Muslim ruler of Granada to destroy the power of יהודים YEHUDIM. Its connection to the massacre is preserved in later sources.39
1144–1147 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Christian abbot Peter the Venerable's Against the Inveterate Obduracy of the Jews attacked התלמוד HAʾTALMUD and demanded subordination of יהודים YEHUDIM.
1144–1147 CE: Christian abbot Peter the Venerable's Against the Inveterate Obduracy of the Jews attacked התלמוד HAʾTALMUD and demanded subordination of יהודים YEHUDIM.40
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c. 1149–1173 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Christian monk Thomas of Monmouth turned William of Norwich's death into an elaborate blood-libel narrative.
c. 1149–1173 CE: Christian monk Thomas of Monmouth turned William of Norwich's death into an elaborate blood-libel narrative.41
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1163 and 1167 CEPrecision: source-label · Basis: not-assessed
Samawʾal al-Maghribī composed the early recension of Ifḥām al-Yahūd
and later expanded it.
1163 and 1167 CE: Samawʾal al-Maghribī composed the early recension of Ifḥām al-Yahūd
and later expanded it.42
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ניסן ד׳תתקמ״ב Nisan, AM 4942Precision: month · Basis: not-assessed
French ruler Philip II ordered the expulsion of יהודים YEHUDIM from his royal domain.
ניסן ד׳תתקמ״ב Nisan, AM 4942: French ruler Philip II ordered the expulsion of יהודים YEHUDIM from his royal domain.43
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כ״ז בתמוז ד׳תתקס״ה 27th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 4965Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Pope Innocent III's Etsi Iudeos used the deicide accusation to justify perpetual subordination of יהודים YEHUDIM.
כ״ז בתמוז ד׳תתקס״ה 27th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 4965: Pope Innocent III's Etsi Iudeos used the deicide accusation to justify perpetual subordination of יהודים YEHUDIM.44
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י׳ בכסלו ד׳תתקע״ו 10th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 4976Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
The Fourth Lateran Council enacted religious distinctions in dress and restrictions on public office for יהודים YEHUDIM (inherited day under review).
י׳ בכסלו ד׳תתקע״ו 10th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 4976: The Fourth Lateran Council enacted religious distinctions in dress and restrictions on public office for יהודים YEHUDIM (inherited day under review).45
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ט״ז בתמוז ד׳תתקצ״ט 16th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 4999Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Pope Gregory IX ordered manuscripts of התלמוד HAʾTALMUD seized.
ט״ז בתמוז ד׳תתקצ״ט 16th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 4999: Pope Gregory IX ordered manuscripts of התלמוד HAʾTALMUD seized.46
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AM 5000–5199
Christian courts and rulers turn accusation into procedure: put התלמוד HAʾTALMUD on trial, burn its manuscripts, mark the bodies of יהודים YEHUDIM and expel communities. Torture supplies supposed evidence for further persecution. The authority producing the accusation also controls the hearing, punishment and public record.
AM 5000Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
משפט פריז MIŜPAT PARIZ (Trial of Paris) began against התלמוד HAʾTALMUD (the Talmud).
AM 5000: משפט פריז MIŜPAT PARIZ (Trial of Paris) began against התלמוד HAʾTALMUD (the Talmud).47
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AM 5001Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
French authorities publicly burned manuscript volumes of התלמוד HAʾTALMUD and other sacred texts of יהודים YEHUDIM.
AM 5001: French authorities publicly burned manuscript volumes of התלמוד HAʾTALMUD and other sacred texts of יהודים YEHUDIM.48
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י״ז בתמוז ה׳כ״ט 17th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5029Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
French ruler Louis IX decreed that יהודים YEHUDIM must wear yellow badges.
י״ז בתמוז ה׳כ״ט 17th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5029: French ruler Louis IX decreed that יהודים YEHUDIM must wear yellow badges.49
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ט׳ באב ה׳נ׳ 9th 𝑜𝑓 Av, AM 5050Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
English ruler Edward I ordered the expulsion of יהודים YEHUDIM from England.
ט׳ באב ה׳נ׳ 9th 𝑜𝑓 Av, AM 5050: English ruler Edward I ordered the expulsion of יהודים YEHUDIM from England.50
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כ״ג בכסלו ה׳ק״ט 23rd 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 5109Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Christian officials circulated confessions extracted under torture from יהודים YEHUDIM, promoting the false accusation that they had poisoned wells.
כ״ג בכסלו ה׳ק״ט 23rd 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 5109: Christian officials circulated confessions extracted under torture from יהודים YEHUDIM, promoting the false accusation that they had poisoned wells.51
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כ״ב בתשרי ה׳קנ״ה 22nd 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 5155Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
French ruler Charles VI ordered the expulsion of יהודים YEHUDIM from the Kingdom of France.
כ״ב בתשרי ה׳קנ״ה 22nd 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 5155: French ruler Charles VI ordered the expulsion of יהודים YEHUDIM from the Kingdom of France.52
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AM 5200–5399
Ancestry can now defeat conversion as a route out of exclusion: Toledo's statute targets descendants even within Christianity. Catholic and Protestant authorities also promote coercion against continuing יהדות YAHADUT. Print expands the reach of Jew-hatred while decrees attack residence, livelihood and the transmission of sacred texts.
י״ד בסיון ה׳ר״ט 14th 𝑜𝑓 Sivan, AM 5209Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Pedro Sarmiento's Sentencia-Estatuto made descent from יהודים YEHUDIM grounds for excluding Christian converts and their descendants from office.
י״ד בסיון ה׳ר״ט 14th 𝑜𝑓 Sivan, AM 5209: Pedro Sarmiento's Sentencia-Estatuto made descent from יהודים YEHUDIM grounds for excluding Christian converts and their descendants from office.53
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1459 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Franciscan polemicist Alonso de Espina's Fortalitium Fidei compiled blood libels, conspiracy accusations and demands for Christian coercion.
1459 CE: Franciscan polemicist Alonso de Espina's Fortalitium Fidei compiled blood libels, conspiracy accusations and demands for Christian coercion.54
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ג׳ בניסן ה׳רנ״ב 3rd 𝑜𝑓 Nisan, AM 5252Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Aragonian and Castilian monarchs issued the Alhambra Decree.
ג׳ בניסן ה׳רנ״ב 3rd 𝑜𝑓 Nisan, AM 5252: Aragonian and Castilian monarchs issued the Alhambra Decree.55
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AM 5303Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
German reformer Martin Luther's On the Jews and Their Lies called for burning בתי כנסת BATEI KʾNESET, destroying homes and coercing יהודים YEHUDIM.
AM 5303: German reformer Martin Luther's On the Jews and Their Lies called for burning בתי כנסת BATEI KʾNESET, destroying homes and coercing יהודים YEHUDIM.56
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ב׳ באלול ה׳שי״ג 2nd 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5313Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Pope Julius III ordered all copies of תלמוד בבלי TALMUD BAVELI (the Babylonian Talmud) seized and burned.
ב׳ באלול ה׳שי״ג 2nd 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5313: Pope Julius III ordered all copies of תלמוד בבלי TALMUD BAVELI (the Babylonian Talmud) seized and burned.57
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א׳ בתשרי ה׳שי״ד 1st 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 5314Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Papal authorities publicly burned volumes of תלמוד בבלי TALMUD BAVELI in Rome.
א׳ בתשרי ה׳שי״ד 1st 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 5314: Papal authorities publicly burned volumes of תלמוד בבלי TALMUD BAVELI in Rome. This dates the burning, not a second publication of the order.58
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כ״ה בתמוז ה׳שט״ו 25th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5315Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Pope Paul IV's Cum nimis absurdum imposed confinement, identifying clothing and occupational restrictions upon יהודים YEHUDIM.
כ״ה בתמוז ה׳שט״ו 25th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5315: Pope Paul IV's Cum nimis absurdum imposed confinement, identifying clothing and occupational restrictions upon יהודים YEHUDIM.59
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1602 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
An anonymous Wandering Jew pamphlet circulated a Christian punishment story later adapted into collective accusations against יהודים YEHUDIM.
1602 CE: An anonymous Wandering Jew pamphlet circulated a Christian punishment story later adapted into collective accusations against יהודים YEHUDIM.60
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AM 5400–5599
Jew-hatred acquires the authority of supposed scholarship and philosophical criticism without abandoning expulsion and confinement. Eisenmenger's publication history shows how supporters can defeat suppression through republication. Voltaire exposes another tension: advocacy of toleration can coexist with contempt for the people to be tolerated.
1700 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Johann Andreas Eisenmenger printed Entdecktes Judenthum, presenting Jew-hatred as learned exposure of יהדות YAHADUT; authorities seized the printing.
1700 CE: Johann Andreas Eisenmenger printed Entdecktes Judenthum, presenting Jew-hatred as learned exposure of יהדות YAHADUT; authorities seized the printing.61
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1711 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Supporters circulated a new edition of Johann Andreas Eisenmenger's Entdecktes Judenthum despite suppression of the first printing.
1711 CE: Supporters circulated a new edition of Johann Andreas Eisenmenger's Entdecktes Judenthum despite suppression of the first printing.62
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1740 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
The seized first printing of Johann Andreas Eisenmenger's Entdecktes Judenthum entered circulation.
1740 CE: The seized first printing of Johann Andreas Eisenmenger's Entdecktes Judenthum entered circulation.63
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י״ג בטבת ה׳תק״ה 13th 𝑜𝑓 Tevet, AM 5505Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Austrian ruler Maria Theresa ordered the expulsion of יהודים YEHUDIM from Prague.
י״ג בטבת ה׳תק״ה 13th 𝑜𝑓 Tevet, AM 5505: Austrian ruler Maria Theresa ordered the expulsion of יהודים YEHUDIM from Prague.64
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AM 5524Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Voltaire's Philosophical Dictionary joined advocacy of toleration to degrading generalizations about יהודים YEHUDIM.
AM 5524: Voltaire's Philosophical Dictionary joined advocacy of toleration to degrading generalizations about יהודים YEHUDIM.65
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ח׳ בטבת ה׳תקנ״ב 8th 𝑜𝑓 Tevet, AM 5552Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Russian ruler Catherine II established the Settlement Zone, ᴀᴋᴀ the Pale of Settlement.
ח׳ בטבת ה׳תקנ״ב 8th 𝑜𝑓 Tevet, AM 5552: Russian ruler Catherine II established the Settlement Zone, ᴀᴋᴀ the Pale of Settlement.66
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AM 5600–5699
Racial and nationalist theories recast יהודים YEHUDIM as an enduring threat that conversion cannot remove. Mass newspapers, forged documents and children's books turn Jew-hatred into repeatable public instruction. Opposition to return and landholding in ארץ ישראל EREẒ YISRAʾEL develops alongside these campaigns; Arabic defenses of Nazism make ideological adoption explicit.
כ״ו באלול ה׳תר״י 26th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5610Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
German composer Richard Wagner began serializing Jewishness in Music.
כ״ו באלול ה׳תר״י 26th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5610: German composer Richard Wagner began serializing Jewishness in Music.
67
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כ״ט באלול ה׳תר״י 29th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5610Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
German composer Richard Wagner concluded Jewishness in Music.
כ״ט באלול ה׳תר״י 29th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5610: German composer Richard Wagner concluded Jewishness in Music.
68
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AM 5629Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
German composer Richard Wagner republished an expanded Jewishness in Music.
AM 5629: German composer Richard Wagner republished an expanded Jewishness in Music.
69
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AM 5639Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
German agitator Wilhelm Marr published The Victory of Judaism over Germanism.
AM 5639: German agitator Wilhelm Marr published The Victory of Judaism over Germanism.
70
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כ״ו באייר ה׳תרמ״ב 26th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5642Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Russian ruler Alexander III enacted the May Laws, intensifying the exclusion of יהודים YEHUDIM from rural residence and economic life.
כ״ו באייר ה׳תרמ״ב 26th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5642: Russian ruler Alexander III enacted the May Laws, intensifying the exclusion of יהודים YEHUDIM from rural residence and economic life.71
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AM 5646Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
French journalist Édouard Drumont published La France juive.
AM 5646: French journalist Édouard Drumont published La France juive.
72
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י״ז בניסן ה׳תרנ״ח 17th 𝑜𝑓 Nisan, AM 5658Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Muḥammad Rashīd Riḍā's A Report and a Lesson warned against organized return and land acquisition by יהודים YEHUDIM in ארץ ישראל EREẒ YISRAʾEL.
י״ז בניסן ה׳תרנ״ח 17th 𝑜𝑓 Nisan, AM 5658: Muḥammad Rashīd Riḍā's A Report and a Lesson warned against organized return and land acquisition by יהודים YEHUDIM in ארץ ישראל EREẒ YISRAʾEL.73
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י״ח באלול ה׳תרס״ג 18th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5663Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Pavel Krushevan's newspaper began serializing the forged Protocols of the Elders of Zion, presenting an invented conspiracy as secret minutes.
י״ח באלול ה׳תרס״ג 18th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5663: Pavel Krushevan's newspaper began serializing the forged Protocols of the Elders of Zion, presenting an invented conspiracy as secret minutes.74
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ה׳ בסיון ה׳תר״פ 5th 𝑜𝑓 Sivan, AM 5680Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Henry Ford's newspaper began The International Jew, giving conspiracy claims Ford's money, prestige and distribution network.
ה׳ בסיון ה׳תר״פ 5th 𝑜𝑓 Sivan, AM 5680: Henry Ford's newspaper began The International Jew, giving conspiracy claims Ford's money, prestige and distribution network.75
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ד׳ באייר ה׳תרפ״ג 4th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5683Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
German Nazi publisher Julius Streicher founded Der Stürmer.
ד׳ באייר ה׳תרפ״ג 4th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5683: German Nazi publisher Julius Streicher founded Der Stürmer.
76
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כ״ו בתמוז ה׳תרפ״ה 26th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5685Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Nazi leader Adolf Hitler published the first volume of Mein Kampf, joining conspiracy claims against יהודים YEHUDIM to a racial political program.
כ״ו בתמוז ה׳תרפ״ה 26th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5685: Nazi leader Adolf Hitler published the first volume of Mein Kampf, joining conspiracy claims against יהודים YEHUDIM to a racial political program.77
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תמוז ה׳תרצ״ג Tamuz, AM 5693Precision: month · Basis: not-assessed
Muḥammad Rashīd Riḍā ruled that helping יהודים YEHUDIM acquire land was treason equivalent to fighting Muslims.
תמוז ה׳תרצ״ג Tamuz, AM 5693: Muḥammad Rashīd Riḍā ruled that helping יהודים YEHUDIM acquire land was treason equivalent to fighting Muslims.78
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אב ה׳תרצ״ד Av, AM 5694Precision: month · Basis: not-assessed
Aḥmad Maḥmūd al-Sādātī dated the introduction to Adūlf Hitlar, defending Nazism and its campaign against יהודים YEHUDIM.
אב ה׳תרצ״ד Av, AM 5694: Aḥmad Maḥmūd al-Sādātī dated the introduction to Adūlf Hitlar, defending Nazism and its campaign against יהודים YEHUDIM.79
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כ״א בשבט ה׳תרצ״ה 21st 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5695Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Arab antizionist Muslim scholars declared assistance in land sales to יהודים YEHUDIM unbelief and grounds for exclusion from communal rites.
כ״א בשבט ה׳תרצ״ה 21st 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5695: Arab antizionist Muslim scholars declared assistance in land sales to יהודים YEHUDIM unbelief and grounds for exclusion from communal rites.80
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ט״ז באדר א׳ ה׳תרצ״ה 16th 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 5695Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
An al-Aqsa association pamphlet alleged plans by יהודים YEHUDIM to seize the sanctuary and promoted a land-sale boycott.
ט״ז באדר א׳ ה׳תרצ״ה 16th 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 5695: An al-Aqsa association pamphlet alleged plans by יהודים YEHUDIM to seize the sanctuary and promoted a land-sale boycott.81
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י״ז באלול ה׳תרצ״ה 17th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5695Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
The German Nazi government enacted the Nuremberg Laws.
י״ז באלול ה׳תרצ״ה 17th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5695: The German Nazi government enacted the Nuremberg Laws.82
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י״א באלול ה׳תרצ״ז 11th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5697Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Muḥammad ʿAlī al-Ṭāhir published the anonymously authored Islam and Jewry, portraying יהודים YEHUDIM as enduring enemies of Islam; a Nazi-era Berlin edition followed.
י״א באלול ה׳תרצ״ז 11th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5697: Muḥammad ʿAlī al-Ṭāhir published the anonymously authored Islam and Jewry, portraying יהודים YEHUDIM as enduring enemies of Islam; a Nazi-era Berlin edition followed.83
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1938 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Julius Streicher's publishing organization issued Der Giftpilz, teaching children to treat יהודים YEHUDIM as a concealed danger.
1938 CE: Julius Streicher's publishing organization issued Der Giftpilz, teaching children to treat יהודים YEHUDIM as a concealed danger.84
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י״ט בתמוז ה׳תרצ״ח 19th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5698Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
American priest Charles Coughlin's newspaper began promoting the Protocols of the Elders of Zion.
י״ט בתמוז ה׳תרצ״ח 19th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5698: American priest Charles Coughlin's newspaper began promoting the Protocols of the Elders of Zion.85
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AM 5700–present
Religious accusation, blood libel and conspiracy survive alongside antizionism directed against restored sovereignty by יהודים YEHUDIM. The vocabulary can change from religious supremacy to liberation or antiracism while still demanding the elimination of מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL. The decisive question is what each publication would permit עם ישראל AM YISRAʾEL to retain: safety, sacred inheritance and the authority to govern itself.86
י״ב באייר ה׳תש״א 12th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5701Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
محمد أمين الحسيني MOHAMED AMIN AL-ḤUSAYNI broadcast an anti-British jihad appeal portraying immigration by יהודים YEHUDIM to ארץ ישראל EREẒ YISRAʾEL as an imperial weapon.
י״ב באייר ה׳תש״א 12th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5701: محمد أمين الحسيني MOHAMED AMIN AL-ḤUSAYNI broadcast an anti-British jihad appeal portraying immigration by יהודים YEHUDIM to ארץ ישראל EREẒ YISRAʾEL as an imperial weapon.87
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י״ט באלול ה׳תש״א 19th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5701Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Charles Lindbergh's Des Moines speech accused יהודים YEHUDIM of pressing the United States toward war and invoked supposed control of public opinion.
י״ט באלול ה׳תש״א 19th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5701: Charles Lindbergh's Des Moines speech accused יהודים YEHUDIM of pressing the United States toward war and invoked supposed control of public opinion.88
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AM 5712Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Egyptian Islamist writer Sayyid Qutb began serializing In the Shade of the Qurʾan, the magazine series he later expanded into a thirty-part commentary.
AM 5712: Egyptian Islamist writer Sayyid Qutb began serializing In the Shade of the Qurʾan, the magazine series he later expanded into a thirty-part commentary.89
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תמוז ה׳תשי״ב Tamuz, AM 5712Precision: month · Basis: not-assessed
Sayyid Qutb published the commentary prototype later developed into the title essay of Our Struggle with the Jews; the collected book came later.
תמוז ה׳תשי״ב Tamuz, AM 5712: Sayyid Qutb published the commentary prototype later developed into the title essay of Our Struggle with the Jews; the collected book came later.90
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c. 1959–1960 CEPrecision: range · Basis: not-assessed
Egyptian Islamist writer Sayyid Qutb completed the first edition of In the Shade of the Qurʾan.
c. 1959–1960 CE: Egyptian Islamist writer Sayyid Qutb completed the first edition of In the Shade of the Qurʾan.91
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AM 5724Precision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Soviet author Trofim Kichko published Judaism Without Embellishment.
AM 5724: Soviet author Trofim Kichko published Judaism Without Embellishment.
92
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1967 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
ʿAjjāj Nuwayhiḍ published his four-part Arabic conspiracy work Protocols of the Elders of Zion
in two volumes.
1967 CE: ʿAjjāj Nuwayhiḍ published his four-part Arabic conspiracy work Protocols of the Elders of Zion
in two volumes.93
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1969/1970 CE, first-edition date unresolvedPrecision: unresolved · Basis: not-assessed
1969/1970 CE, first-edition date unresolved: Egyptian Islamist writer Sayyid Qutb's Our Struggle with the Jews
was published as a collection.94
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ו׳ בכסלו ה׳תשל״ו 6th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 5736Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
UN General Assembly Resolution 3379 equated ציונות ẒIYONUT with racism.
ו׳ בכסלו ה׳תשל״ו 6th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 5736: UN General Assembly Resolution 3379 equated ציונות ẒIYONUT with racism.95
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1984 CEPrecision: year · Basis: not-assessed
Maḥmūd ʿAbbās published The Other Face: The Secret Relations between Nazism and Zionism.
1984 CE: Maḥmūd ʿAbbās published The Other Face: The Secret Relations between Nazism and Zionism.
96
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אלול ה׳תשמ״ו Elul, AM 5746Precision: month · Basis: not-assessed
Syrian defense minister Mustafa Tlass dated his introduction to the revised The Matzah of Zion, promoting the Damascus blood libel through ministerial authority.
אלול ה׳תשמ״ו Elul, AM 5746: Syrian defense minister Mustafa Tlass dated his introduction to the revised The Matzah of Zion, promoting the Damascus blood libel through ministerial authority.97
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ה׳ באלול ה׳תשמ״ח 5th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5748Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
حماس ḤAMĀS published a covenant joining its antizionist program to Jew-hating religious claims and conspiracy propaganda.
ה׳ באלול ה׳תשמ״ח 5th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5748: حماس ḤAMĀS published a covenant joining its antizionist program to Jew-hating religious claims and conspiracy propaganda.98
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י״ד בתשרי ה׳תשנ״ג 14th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 5753Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
The Catholic Church ordered publication of a Catechism making its Messiah's return depend upon recognition by all Israel.
י״ד בתשרי ה׳תשנ״ג 14th 𝑜𝑓 Tiŝrei, AM 5753: The Catholic Church ordered publication of a Catechism making its Messiah's return depend upon recognition by all Israel.
99
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י״ב באלול ה׳תשס״א 12th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5761Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
The Durban conference opened amid Jew-hating agitation at its parallel NGO forum; the forum's declaration was not the UN's final declaration.
י״ב באלול ה׳תשס״א 12th 𝑜𝑓 Elul, AM 5761: The Durban conference opened amid Jew-hating agitation at its parallel NGO forum; the forum's declaration was not the UN's final declaration.100
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5762-12-26Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia newspaper Al-Riyadh published a blood libel about פורים PURIM.
5762-12-26: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia newspaper Al-Riyadh published a blood libel about פורים PURIM.101
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י״ז באייר ה׳תשס״ד 17th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5764Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
A published compilation of Muslim rulings claimed exclusive Islamic ownership of הכותל HAʾKOTEL and denied the claim of יהודים YEHUDIM.
י״ז באייר ה׳תשס״ד 17th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5764: A published compilation of Muslim rulings claimed exclusive Islamic ownership of הכותל HAʾKOTEL and denied the claim of יהודים YEHUDIM.102
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י״ד בשבט ה׳תשס״ו 14th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5766Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Islamic Republic newspaper Hamshahri solicited entries for cartoons about השואה HAʾŜOA.
י״ד בשבט ה׳תשס״ו 14th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5766: Islamic Republic newspaper Hamshahri solicited entries for cartoons about השואה HAʾŜOA.103
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י״ח באב ה׳תשע״ב 18th 𝑜𝑓 Av, AM 5772Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
The General Iftaa Department of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan published Nuh Ali Salman's fatwa declaring that the religious page of עם ישראל AM YISRAʾEL had to be closed and its prophets inherited by Islam's founder Mohamed.
י״ח באב ה׳תשע״ב 18th 𝑜𝑓 Av, AM 5772: The General Iftaa Department of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan published Nuh Ali Salman's fatwa declaring that the religious page of עם ישראל AM YISRAʾEL had to be closed and its prophets inherited by Islam's founder Mohamed.104
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ה׳ בתמוז ה׳תשע״ג 5th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5773Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Jordan's General Iftaa Department added Nuh Ali Salman's essay applying the stones-and-trees tradition to all יהודים YEHUDIM; its original print date in a military religious magazine remains unknown.
ה׳ בתמוז ה׳תשע״ג 5th 𝑜𝑓 Tamuz, AM 5773: Jordan's General Iftaa Department added Nuh Ali Salman's essay applying the stones-and-trees tradition to all יהודים YEHUDIM; its original print date in a military religious magazine remains unknown.105
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ה׳ באייר ה׳תשע״ז 5th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5777Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
حماس ḤAMĀS published new principles distinguishing its stated enemy from יהודים YEHUDIM as a religion while continuing to reject the legitimacy of מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL.
ה׳ באייר ה׳תשע״ז 5th 𝑜𝑓 Iyar, AM 5777: حماس ḤAMĀS published new principles distinguishing its stated enemy from יהודים YEHUDIM as a religion while continuing to reject the legitimacy of מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL.106
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ב׳ בשבט ה׳תש״פ 2nd 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5780Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
Rashid Khalidi's The Hundred Years' War on Palestine framed ציונות ẒIYONUT and מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL as successive agents of a century-long colonial war.
ב׳ בשבט ה׳תש״פ 2nd 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5780: Rashid Khalidi's The Hundred Years' War on Palestine framed ציונות ẒIYONUT and מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL as successive agents of a century-long colonial war.107
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י״א בשבט ה׳תשפ״ד 11th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5784Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
حماس ḤAMĀS published a defense of its October 7 terrorist attack, denying deliberate attacks on civilians.
י״א בשבט ה׳תשפ״ד 11th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5784: حماس ḤAMĀS published a defense of its October 7 terrorist attack, denying deliberate attacks on civilians.108
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כ״ח בסיון ה׳תשפ״ד 28th 𝑜𝑓 Sivan, AM 5784Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
The International Union of Muslim Scholars published al-Tihami Majouri's essay portraying יהודים YEHUDIM as inherently deceitful, racist and bent on worldwide control.
כ״ח בסיון ה׳תשפ״ד 28th 𝑜𝑓 Sivan, AM 5784: The International Union of Muslim Scholars published al-Tihami Majouri's essay portraying יהודים YEHUDIM as inherently deceitful, racist and bent on worldwide control.109
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כ״ג באב ה׳תשפ״ד 23rd 𝑜𝑓 Av, AM 5784Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
North Korea's Foreign Ministry published a Jew-hating attack on מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL that used Shylock's Jewish identity as a stereotype of Israeli brutality.
כ״ג באב ה׳תשפ״ד 23rd 𝑜𝑓 Av, AM 5784: North Korea's Foreign Ministry published a Jew-hating attack on מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL that used Shylock's Jewish identity as a stereotype of Israeli brutality.110
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ז׳ באב ה׳תשפ״ו 7th 𝑜𝑓 Av, AM 5786Precision: day · Basis: not-assessed
New York City mayor Zohran Mamdani declared בנימין נתניהו BINYAMIN NETANYAHU unwelcome and called for the United States to arrest him, pronouncing the prime minister of מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL a war criminal before trial.
ז׳ באב ה׳תשפ״ו 7th 𝑜𝑓 Av, AM 5786: New York City mayor Zohran Mamdani declared בנימין נתניהו BINYAMIN NETANYAHU unwelcome and called for the United States to arrest him, pronouncing the prime minister of מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL a war criminal before trial.111
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