An interview datelined Damascus recorded فوزي القاوقجي FAWZI AL-QAWUQJI's rejection of nationhood and the laws of war for יהודים YEHUDIM. In ארץ ישראל EREẒ YISRAʾEL, the diary of דוד בן-גוריון DAVID BEN-GURION recorded reports of ההגנה HAʾHAGANA operations around תל אביב TEL AVIV, including demolitions and casualties. Statements of purpose and reports of actual force require separate evidence.
What did the commander declare?
The interview, later published by Le Monde on 16 February, reported his claim that the laws of war did not apply to יהודים YEHUDIM. The full study, فوزي القاوقجي FAWZI AL-QAWUQJI rejected the laws of war for יהודים YEHUDIM., quotes the French text, explains its context in a discussion of prisoners and identifies the statement's antizionism and collective Jew-hatred. The dateline supports a working 13 February interview assignment, but does not independently prove the hour of conversation.1
His assertion of secret cooperation with Arab Legion personnel remains a claim by the commander. It is not proof of a particular government's orders or an already completed regular-army invasion.
What operations did the diary record?
The diary relays a report from יגאל ידין YIGAEL YADIN about action in Abu Kabir and Jabaliya. It describes five previously selected houses targeted in Abu Kabir, heavy opposing fire, and two dead and ten wounded among the attacking force. It also reports destruction of a three-story building in Jabaliya and action against an ice factory in يازور YAZUR.2
The entry acknowledges incomplete information. It supports recording offensive operations by ההגנה HAʾHAGANA, not portraying its activity as entirely confined to holding residential posts. It does not establish the status of every building's occupant, a civilian casualty roll or an expulsion order. Operations reported that morning may belong partly to the preceding night.
What commercial proposal was reported?
JTA reported a proposed exchange involving about fourteen hundred tons of goods from יפו YAFO held in תל אביב TEL AVIV and six hundred tons in the opposite direction. An exchange proposal showed a continuing interest in recovering goods despite fighting. The report does not prove that the exchange was completed or that it produced a general ceasefire.3
The same day's political and operational record therefore includes hostility, armed action and a limited practical negotiation. Their coexistence does not reduce them to one chain of command or one collective intention.
How is this dated?
This is Day 76 of the 599-day civil-date series: 1948-02-13. The register maps its daytime portion to ג׳ באדר א׳ ה׳תש״ח 3rd 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 5708; after local sunset the Hebrew day changes to ד׳ באדר א׳ ה׳תש״ח 4th 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 5708. This is a calendar conversion convention, not evidence that every reported act happened in daylight.
The diary and JTA issue are dated 13 February. The diary records information received that day, with operations potentially on the preceding night; exact operation hours remain unresolved. The interview carries a 13 February dateline but was printed on 16 February. The daily route is 3 Adar I for the civil slot, not a claim that all reported actions occurred before that evening's sunset.4 5
Guided reflections
- Which actions were carried out, and which were proposals or later reports?
- How do the named people and institutions clarify what was at stake?
Footnotes
- https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1948/02/16/le-chef-des-volontaires-arabes-declare-au-monde-la-guerre-durera-un-mois-ou-un-siecle-mais-nous-la-gagnerons_1909513_1819218.html Damascus dateline 13 February; publication 16 February. ↩
- https://bengurionarchive.bgu.ac.il/en/node/9205 Diary dated 13 February; report received from Yadin, with explicit statement that details were still lacking. ↩
- https://www.jta.org/archive/arab-attack-on-tel-aviv-repulsed-jews-use-light-artillery-haganah-remains-alert 13 February bulletin; goods-exchange proposal. ↩
- https://bengurionarchive.bgu.ac.il/en/node/9205 Dated diary and incomplete operational report. ↩
- https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1948/02/16/le-chef-des-volontaires-arabes-declare-au-monde-la-guerre-durera-un-mois-ou-un-siecle-mais-nous-la-gagnerons_1909513_1819218.html Dateline and publication date. ↩