דוד בן-גוריון DAVID BEN-GURION visited the ruins on רחוב בן יהודה BEN YEHUDA STREET and recorded his shock. Rescue and burial continued after the preceding day's massacre. His diary also records political and financial work that could not be postponed while the city mourned.
What did he see and judge?
After a slow convoy journey, he went first to the devastated street. The archive's translation records:
Such destruction I had not envisioned.1
He also wrote critically of earlier attacks committed by armed groups among יהודים YEHUDIM, including the King David Hotel bombing. His judgment concerns responsibility for a pattern of violence. It is not evidence that those groups committed the 22 February massacre, nor does it excuse its perpetrators.
Was a provisional government agreed?
The diary says that the Executive did not accept his proposal for an executive council for the proposed state's territory. This is evidence of an unresolved institutional decision, not of a government created that day. The same entry records talks about financing the southern settlement project and defense, including conditions attached to the allocation of funds.2
Maintaining political leadership required travel through insecure roads, decisions about authority, and agreements about money. The diary's unsuccessful proposal makes disagreement within national institutions visible while their work continued.
How did burial begin?
בוליסה דאנה BULISA DANA's memorial places her burial before dawn on 23 February, together with four other dead, at the הר הזיתים HAR HA'ZEITIM. It describes a hurried escorted journey and later difficulty locating her exact grave. That specific account prevents all victims from being assigned to the later סנהדריה SANHEDRIA burial.3
The massacre study, event://5708־12a־12־בן־יהודה־street־massacre BEN-YEHUDA, keeps her death on 22 February. The later cemetery opening, Opening of סנהדריה SANHEDRIA Cemetery., is a separate institutional event. Reports issued during rescue and burial gave different totals; those stages cannot be treated as additional attacks or added as independent groups of dead.
How is this dated?
This is Day 86 of the 599-day civil-date series: 1948-02-23. Its daytime portion maps to י״ג באדר א׳ ה׳תש״ח 13th 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 5708. After local sunset, the Hebrew date changes to י״ד באדר א׳ ה׳תש״ח 14th 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 5708. This calendar convention does not prove that every reported act occurred in daylight.
The diary is explicitly 23 February. The memorial’s next-morning burial is 23 February before dawn, within 13 Adar I; its death date remains 22 February. The financial conversations are recorded on 23 February without proof that every proposed transfer was executed. 4
Guided reflections
- What does the dated evidence establish, and what remains uncertain?
- How did this event affect the safety, institutions or sovereignty of יהודים YEHUDIM?
Footnotes
- https://bengurionarchive.bgu.ac.il/en/node/6957 23 February diary, document 225381. ↩
- https://bengurionarchive.bgu.ac.il/en/node/6957 Executive discussion and financing passage. ↩
- https://jerusalem.gal-ed.co.il/Web/He/SearchResults/Page/Default.aspx?ID=36382 Next-morning burial, escort and uncertain grave location. ↩
- https://bengurionarchive.bgu.ac.il/en/node/6957 Dated evidence; occurrence and reporting limits above. ↩