Arab antizionist commander فوزي القاوقجي FAWZI AL-QAWUQJI entered ארץ ישראל EREẒ YISRAʾEL.

When the First Yarmuk Battalion had reached their appointed positions, in Central Palestine, I entered Palestine on March 6, 1948 with the remaining units of the Liberation Army via Amman, not stealthily by night, and not piecemeal, but in broad daylight and actually across the Allenby Bridge.²

This is a participant's memoir prepared from his papers and diary. Its boast about daylight passage serves his political narrative, but it also supplies a precise date and route.

The memoir's editorial introduction states:

In 1941 he fought on the side of Rashid Ali al-Kilani in Iraq, was severely wounded in an air-raid and was evacuated for treatment to Germany where he spent the remaining years of the war.

In 1947, following the UN resolution for the partition of Palestine, Qawuqji was appointed commander of the Liberation Army.³

Morris independently describes the Arab League's endorsement of the appointment and distinguishes فوزي القاوقجي FAWZI AL-QAWUQJI's Arab Liberation Army from local forces led by Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni and حسن سلمة ḤASAN SALAMA.⁴

A contemporary report by הסוכנות היהודית HAʾSOḪNUT HAʾYEHUDIT dates the crossing to 24 Adar I 5708, attributing its date to فوزي القاوقجي FAWZI AL-QAWUQJI himself. His published memoir supplies the following day, 25 Adar I. These are TJD conversions of the witnesses' civil dates. The article retains the memoir's date while preserving the contemporary competing report; retrospective first-person testimony does not settle the disagreement by itself.⁵

The imperial memorandum A/AC.21/UK/66 places entry by a small party under فوزي القاوقجي FAWZI AL-QAWUQJI on either of those two days. It also says imperial authorities did not know his subsequent whereabouts or intentions and had received no report of a permanent headquarters. This contemporary report supports the two-day window without deciding which date is correct. Its description of a small party also differs from the memoir's account of entering with the remaining units; the document does not reconcile their scope.⁶

فوزي القاوقجي FAWZI AL-QAWUQJI's wartime alignment with the Axis was followed by a major command in מלחמת העצמאות MILḤEMET HAʾAẒMAʾUT. His career supplies a specific case of personnel continuity. He was also a rival of al-Husayni, and the Arab Liberation Army was an Arab League formation. The evidence cited here does not establish that it continued a Nazi military unit or that Berlin directed the later war.⁷

The 17 March parliamentary answer places entry during the night of 5–6 March and describes only a few companions, mainly personal staff. דוד בן-גוריון DAVID BEN-GURION's 7 March diary records an informant saying the entry occurred two evenings earlier. These sources strengthen the night 5–6 March alternative without erasing the memoir's explicit daylight 6 March account.^{8 9}

The two contemporary accounts also differ over headquarters: the diary's intelligence reports one in the northern-central region, while the later ministerial answer says no headquarters had been reported to the government. These are reports from different perspectives and dates, not grounds to silently select whichever detail is more convenient. No thousands-strong one-day crossing total follows from either.

The earlier cumulative parliamentary figure of more than five thousand armed entrants covered several months. Organized external military involvement was already substantial, but these volunteers and irregulars were distinct from the regular national armies that invaded after independence.¹⁰

The retained route כ״ה באדר א׳ ה׳תש״ח 25th 𝑜𝑓 Adar I, AM 5708, 25 Adar I, fits both the memoir's daylight 6 March account and an entry after sunset during 5–6 March. It does not resolve the disagreement between daylight and night. The earlier Agency account supplied 5 March; without an hour that could instead mean 24 Adar I. The memorandum's 5th/6th window, the 17 March parliamentary answer and the 7 March diary are preserved alongside the memoir.^{11 12 13}

• Why do the night and daylight accounts disagree while potentially sharing one Hebrew date?
• What does the commander’s career establish about continuity without proving organizational identity?