The General Assembly adopted Resolution 194 at an evening meeting, proposing conciliation and addressing refugees, property and ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM.
What commission was created?
The Assembly voted thirty-five in favor, fifteen against and eight abstentions, and selected the French Republic, the Republic of Turkey and the United States of America for the conciliation commission. Its tasks included assisting negotiations and preparing proposals concerning ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM. Selecting member states was not yet appointment of every representative or proof that negotiations had succeeded. 1 2
What was recommended for refugees?
Paragraph 11 recommended return for refugees wishing to return and live peacefully with neighbors at the earliest practicable date, and compensation for specified property interests. The resolution study preserves the conditions without erasing the recommendation. The paragraph itself does not restrict refugees to a single people. It cannot be read as either a completed return program or no return recommendation at all. 3
What did the territorial decision leave open?
The adopted amendments removed formulas that would have required a settlement to follow partition boundaries or Bernadotte’s territorial recommendations. This preserved negotiating room for מדינת ישראל MEDINAT YISRAʾEL concerning the נגב NEGEV, without settling its borders. The proposed UN framework for ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM did not remove either army or restore access to הכותל HAʾKOTEL. Votes against the whole resolution also do not establish opposition to each paragraph. 4 5 6
How is this dated?
This is Day 378 of the 599-day civil-date series: 1948-12-11. The Gregorian daytime date is converted to the fixed Ivrit calendar. Its public daytime route is ט׳ בכסלו ה׳תש״ט 9th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 5709; after local sunset, the Hebrew date is י׳ בכסלו ה׳תש״ט 10th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 5709. The civil-day slot does not assign every incident this same Hebrew date. The vote occurred at the 186th plenary meeting, opened in Paris at 20:30 on December 11. Its event route is therefore י׳ בכסלו ה׳תש״ט 10th 𝑜𝑓 Kislev, AM 5709. This daily slot retains the December 11 daytime marker. Adoption addressed existing displacement; it does not count a newly displaced or returned family. 7
Guided reflections
- Which words in paragraph 11 limit and preserve its return recommendation?
- What would demonstrate implementation of the proposed framework for ירושלים YERUŜALAYIM?
Footnotes
- https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-177019/ Resolution 194, commission provisions. ↩
- https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-200016/ Yearbook, adoption vote and selection. ↩
- https://avalon.law.yale.edu/20th_century/decad171.asp Paragraph 11. ↩
- https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1948v05p2/d825 FRUS 825, seven-state amendments. ↩
- https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-177019/ Paragraphs 7–10. ↩
- https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-200016/ Vote and objections. ↩
- https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-182952/ Dated source identified above; occurrence, publication and evening stages distinguished. ↩