Day 462 of 599 of מלחמת העצמאות MILḤEMET HAʾAẒMAʾUT (War of Independence)

The operation study follows the March 5 departure and the brigades’ different routes. The aim was to secure sovereignty of עם ישראל AM YISRAʾEL in the southern נגב NEGEV, with the gulf as the main southern objective. Later landings and the flag raising should not be assigned to the opening day.¹

The March 5 complaint study records four groups of 17, 42, 250 and 170 people. They total 479. The ministry alleged forced removals and machine-gun fire at the first two groups; it did not give a verified death count. The diplomatic document is a dated event, while the incidents it describes remain earlier and incompletely dated.²

An operational objective does not settle a complaint about civilians, and an accusation does not establish every soldier’s conduct. The Iraqi letter points to named rolls and humanitarian contacts that could test its allegations. Those records are unheld. The daily account therefore preserves both the advance and the civilian claim without creating a combined casualty or displacement tally.³

This is Day 462 of the 599-day civil-date series, 1949-03-05. The date register’s fixed-Hebrew daytime conversion is ד׳ באדר ה׳תש״ט 4th 𝑜𝑓 Adar, AM 5709; after sunset it is ה׳ באדר ה׳תש״ט 5th 𝑜𝑓 Adar, AM 5709. This route identifies the daily recap. It does not assign earlier occurrences, evening movements, cumulative counts or later newspaper issues to the daytime Hebrew date. The cited source dates and reconstructed clocks are distinguished in the sections above and in the linked major studies.⁴

• What records could test the Iraqi complaint’s allegations against the forces’ documented movements?
• Why can the campaign’s opening date not date every event along its routes?