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valued Jewish nobility and disdained to intermarry with the Jews of Germany, the Ashkenazim. They worked to win the sympathy of the non-Jews around them in Amsterdam, Hamburg and Italy. From 1600 to 1750 this group remained in control of money in Europe and Asia Minor through its banks in the three great cities of Amsterdam, Venice and Salonica. They exercised power as the house of Rothschild did in the nineteenth century - the house that, together with similar Jewish financial houses, is blamed here as one of the greatest causes of the ruin of Egyptian finances and the destruction of Ismaʿil's great empire. This concerns the Sephardi Jews. The Ashkenazi Jews likewise have their history.

In 1590, the text states, Edward I ruled England while France was under Charles VI. France at that time was not the France of today, for Brittany and Burgundy were under English influence. The English frequently persecuted and expelled the Jews, who then settled in Germany. Germany in turn expelled them, so they headed toward Bohemia, Poland and Hungary and joined the Jewish communities there. German was the prevailing language among them in those states, where the Ashkenazi Jews had no standing or position of consequence.