The Egyptian garrison began its supervised withdrawal from الفالوجة AL-FALUJA on February 26, 1949. Bunche’s subsequent report gives completion on February 28 and a total of 2,900 military personnel. Ending an enemy military position within ארץ ישראל EREẒ YISRAʾEL did not settle what happened to the Palestinian civilians living beside it.1
Which date marked the start?
The armistice’s Article III fixed 05:00 GMT on the second day following signature; Annex I explicitly names February 26. Bunche separately reported the operation’s actual כ״ז בשבט ה׳תש״ט 27th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5709–כ״ט בשבט ה׳תש״ט 29th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5709 span:
{dir=ltr lang=en} The evacuation of the Egyptian force totalling 2,900 men and all of the military equipment and personal possessions of that force began 26 February and was completed on 28 February.2
The scheduled morning clock is not independently verified as the precise departure of every unit.3
Why do the military estimates differ?
The ICRC catalog dates photograph V-P-PS-N-00035-628 to February 26 and describes preparations involving approximately 4,000 men. Bunche’s completed-operation figure is 2,900; the existing article also preserves Riley’s later 2,747 estimate. These are conflicting estimates, not separate forces to add. The catalog was inspected; its photograph was not independently examined for individual identities.4
What did civilian transport establish?
Bunche separately recorded 1,050 of 3,569 civilians escorted toward עזה AZA, with a proposed חברון ḤEVRON movement on March 3. The civilian population is not an additional military total; the 1,050 is a subset, not an extra population. His description of people wishing to leave does not establish that every choice was unpressured. The guarantees and later testimony remain essential.5
What did the later UN account and complaint add?
Riley’s later report S/1459 counted 3,463 civilians in six evacuations between February 28 and April 22. That longer-period count must not be added to Bunche’s earlier 1,050. Its description of willing departure and transport without incident does not establish absence of pressure before departure. The same passage gives 2,747 military personnel and an impossible February 29 endpoint; neither the discrepant count nor that error is silently corrected.6
A later Arab League complaint attributed to its secretary-general alleged confiscation, killing and coercion after the withdrawal and requested investigation. The hosted French text records that accusation; it is not an independent UN finding that every allegation was verified. The civilian guarantees and relief testimony provide other evidence, with their own provenance.7
How is this dated?
This article marks the opening, February 26, converted to כ״ז בשבט ה׳תש״ט 27th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5709; its existing verified date is retained. The treaty supplies a morning schedule and S/1269 expressly supplies the actual starting day. Completion belongs to כ״ט בשבט ה׳תש״ט 29th 𝑜𝑓 Ŝʾvat, AM 5709, February 28; March 1 is the report date, not a third completion date. Later civilian evacuations and accusations are separate events.89
Guided reflections
- What makes a military withdrawal count different from a civilian departure count?
- How can safe supervised transport coexist with prior pressure to leave?
Footnotes
- Ralph Bunche, S/1269, S/1269, first paragraph. ↩
- Ralph Bunche, S/1269, First paragraph, official English HTML; PDF witness also held. ↩
- United Nations, Egyptian-Israeli General Armistice Agreement, Article III; Annex I. ↩
- ICRC, V-P-PS-N-00035-628, Date, reference and French description. ↩
- Ralph Bunche, S/1269, Second paragraph. ↩
- S/1459, Egyptian-Israeli Mixed Armistice Commission section, paragraph beginning “One of the specific tasks”; official English HTML inspected in the preserved prior article, https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-176894/. ↩
- A/AC.25/AR/2, introductory attribution and complaint paragraphs; French hosted text inspected in the preserved prior article, https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-210476/. ↩
- United Nations, Egyptian-Israeli General Armistice Agreement, Article III; Annex I. ↩
- Ralph Bunche, S/1269, Dated cable and stated operation span. ↩
Inbound links
Works cited
- Bunche, Ralph. Cablegram dated March 1, 1949, S/1269. Military withdrawal February 26–28 and separate civilian transport. Official English HTML inspected. https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-211653/. Accessed October 11, 2026.
- United Nations. General Armistice Agreement, signed February 24, 1949, Rhodes. S/1264/Corr.1, corrected text and dated morning notification. Official hosted English text inspected; original signature images not compared. https://www.un.org/unispal/document/auto-insert-186096/. Accessed October 11, 2026.
- International Committee of the Red Cross. Photograph catalog reference V-P-PS-N-00035-628, February 26, 1949. French description of withdrawal preparations and earlier medical delivery. Metadata inspected; photograph itself not independently viewed. Current catalog states restrictions on responding to requests during structural changes. https://avarchives.icrc.org/Picture/48928. Accessed October 11, 2026.